Exogenous addition of AcPhe/Tyr modulates the process of intestinal inflammation. (A) Schematic model of AcPhe administration in zebrafish. (B) Transcriptional expression of tight junction protein-encode genes in posterior intestines of PBS- and AcPhe-pretreated zebrafish. (C) Histological analysis of posterior intestines in PBS- and AcPhe -pretreated zebrafish. Scale bar, 50 μm. (D) Statistical analysis of the histological score as indicated in panel C. (E) Transcription of il1b in posterior intestines of PBS- and AcPhe-pretreated zebrafish. (F) Schematic model of Tyr administration and E. piscicida infection in zebrafish. (G) Transcriptional expression of tight junction protein-encode genes in posterior intestines of PBS- and Tyr-pretreated zebrafish during E. piscicida infection. (H) Histological analysis of posterior intestines in PBS- and Tyr-pretreated zebrafish during E. piscicida infection. Scale bar, 50 μm. (I) Statistical analysis of the histological score as indicated in panel H. (J) Transcription of il1b in posterior intestines of PBS- and Tyr-pretreated zebrafish during E. piscicida infection. Data are replicated with three independent experiments and shown as mean ± SD by a two-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001, ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001.
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