Fig. 1

Phenotypes of gna13a−/−/gna13b−/−embryos resemble those observed in gna13a/gna13b MO-injected embryos. (A-F′) Bright-field images showing different phenotypic classes of cardiac edema and tail blister in gna13a/gna13b-deficient embryos at 49 hpf: normal morphology (A), mild cardiac edema only (B), severe cardiac edema only (C), tail blister only (D), mild cardiac edema and tail blister (E), and severe cardiac edema and tail blister (F). Lateral views. (A′-F′) Zoomed-in images showing the tail region (outlined in A) of embryos in A-F. Blue arrowheads, cardiac edema; red arrowheads, tail blister. (G) The percentage of phenotypic classes from embryos of the indicated genotypes. (H-J) Epifluorescence images of the pharyngeal endoderm in Tg(sox17:EGFP) control (H) and gna13a−/− embryos injected with gna13b MO (I,J) at the 24-somite stage. White lines (equivalent length in embryos) indicate the width of the anterior endodermal sheet; white asterisk indicates the endodermal hole (observed in 46.5% of gna13a−/−/gna13b MO embryos). (K) Average endoderm width in the indicated groups. Data are mean±s.e.m. ****P<0.0001 (unpaired, two-tailed Student's t-test).