Galectin‐9 is essential for the in vivo effects of AG
qPCR analysis of Mmps including Mmp9, Mmp10, Mmp12, and Mmp13 from the lungs of WT or Galectin‐9 KO mice at 3 days post‐intraperitoneal administration of AG (100 μg).
WT or Galectin‐9 KO mice were intraperitoneally treated with AG for 3 days in the absence or presence of the MMP inhibitor marimastat (10 mg/kg) given intraperitoneally prior to AG stimulation. Lung sections stained with H&E (B) and quantification of lung lesion burden from H&E‐stained sections (C).
WT or Galectin‐9 KO mice were intranasally infected with H37Rv for 4 weeks in absence or presence of intranasally administrated AG aptamers (1 μg) once at a 1‐week interval. Lung sections stained with H&E (D) and quantification of lung lesion burden from H&E‐stained sections (E).
CFU quantification of the bacterial titers of lung tissue homogenates from WT or Galectin‐9 KO mice intranasally infected with H37Rv for 4 weeks in the absence or presence of intranasally administrated AG aptamers (1 μg) once at a 1‐week interval.
Data information: Data in (B and D) are representative of n = 3 independent experiments. Data in (A, C, E, F) are means ± SD of the indicated number of mice from 1 of n = 3 independent experiments and each symbol represents data from 1 mouse. Two‐way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's post hoc test were used for statistical analysis. ns, not significant; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ****P < 0.0001. Scale bar, 200 μm.
Expression Data
Expression Detail
Antibody Labeling
Phenotype Data
Phenotype Detail
Acknowledgments
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