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Fang et al., 2025 - Swimming Training in a T2DM Zebrafish Model Restores Mitochondrial Function to Alleviate Anxiety-Like Behaviors and Metabolic Dysregulation

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Fig. 1

Schematic representation of the study design and underlying mechanisms. (A) Experimental timeline of zebrafish swimming training. (B) Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) show insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and metabolic abnormalities, causing the liver to synthesize more lipoprotein and cholesterol. (C) T2DM patients also display mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, which further interfere with lipid and glutamine synthesis pathways and inhibit synthesis of the antioxidant reduced glutathione (GSH). T2DM can also lead to lipid metabolism disorders and inflammation, as well as increase the risk of anxiety symptoms. (D) Through swimming training (ST), zebrafish may undergo gradual recovery of liver mitochondrial function, thereby reconstructing the balance between oxidative stress and antioxidation, and altering mood. LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SOD, superoxide dismutase.

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Acknowledgments

This image is the copyrighted work of the attributed author or publisher, and ZFIN has permission only to display this image to its users. Additional permissions should be obtained from the applicable author or publisher of the image. Full text @ Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)