- Title
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Induction of Liver Size Reduction in Zebrafish Larvae by the Emerging Synthetic Cannabinoid 4F-MDMB-BINACA and Its Impact on Drug Metabolism
- Authors
- Park, Y.M., Dahlem, C., Meyer, M.R., Kiemer, A.K., Müller, R., Herrmann, J.
- Source
- Full text @ Molecules
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Total number of detected 4F-MDMB-BINACA metabolites following administration of the SC into ZF larvae through different microinjection routes. All results from ZF larvae in this study are represented as the mean value of peak numbers from triplicates of 30 pooled larvae. * Human urine data represent published integrated data of metabolites that were detected at least twice in all studied urine samples [27,32,34,35]. (MI: microinjection). |
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The main phase I metabolic pathway of 4F-MDMB-BINACA based on findings in the ZF larvae model (a) and from human screening (b). In panel (b), red arrows indicate results from human blood samples, and blue arrows indicate results from human urine samples. Metabolites in blue represent molecules not detected in the respective model. Four metabolites (M7, M8, M13, and M14) were not detected in the microinjected ZF larvae despite the detection of M3 and M10 as their following sequential metabolites. In contrast, terminal metabolites M1, M2, and M12 and a cross-connection between M3 and M4 were not found in human samples. |
The main phase I metabolic pathway of 4F-MDMB-BINACA based on findings in the ZF larvae model (a) and from human screening (b). In panel (b), red arrows indicate results from human blood samples, and blue arrows indicate results from human urine samples. Metabolites in blue represent molecules not detected in the respective model. Four metabolites (M7, M8, M13, and M14) were not detected in the microinjected ZF larvae despite the detection of M3 and M10 as their following sequential metabolites. In contrast, terminal metabolites M1, M2, and M12 and a cross-connection between M3 and M4 were not found in human samples. |
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