Fig. 5

Minoxidil efficacy in c-myb^hyper MDS zebrafish and hematologic safety in adult zebrafish and mice. A Schematic of the experimental protocol. Adult zebrafish received daily intraperitoneal injections of minoxidil (50 μg/fish/day) for six consecutive days. Kidney marrow was collected on day 7 for cellular composition analysis. B Representative flow cytometry plots showing the distribution of lymphocytes, precursors, and myelomonocytes in kidney marrow (KM) of WT and c-mybhyper adult zebrafish treated with PBS or minoxidil. FSC was directly proportional to cell size and SSC was indicative of cellular granularity. C Quantification of myelomonocyte percentages in each group (Student’s t-test; mean ± SD; ns, not significant; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01). D May-Grünwald–Giemsa staining of KM cells from WT and c-mybhyper fish with or without minoxidil treatment. The scale bar represents 50 μm. Arrows are colored as blue for precursors, yellow for lymphocytes, green for monocytes and red for neutrophils. E Quantification of precursors, lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils in kidney marrow from WT and c-myb^hyper fish with or without minoxidil treatment, based on manual morphological (mean ± SD; Student’s t-test; ns, not significant; *P < 0.05). F Schematic of the experimental protocol. WT mice received intraperitoneal injections of minoxidil (50 mg/kg) or vehicle (PBS) on days 1, 2, 4, and 5. Peripheral blood (PB) was collected on day 7 for complete blood count analysis. G, H Quantification of peripheral blood components following minoxidil treatment, including: G white blood cells (WBC), and H neutrophils (Student’s t-test; mean ± SD; ns, not significant)