Gpr182 deficiency promotes sprouting angiogenesis in zebrafish embryos. (A) Trunk vascular morphology in control MO and gpr182-MO-injected Tg(fli1ep: EGFP-CAAX)ntu666 embryos at 32, 48, and 72 hpf. Gpr182 deficiency results in increased ISV sprouting. Dashed rectangles highlight aberrant vascular phenotypes, and red arrowheads point to the sprouts. Scale bar, 100 μm. (B-D) Quantitative analysis of ectopic sprouts at 32 hpf and total ISV length at 48 and 72 hpf. (E) Confocal microscopy analysis of ISV tip cell filopodia in 24-hpf Tg(fli1ep: EGFP-CAAX)ntu666 embryos and ISV endothelial cells in 32- and 72-hpf Tg(fli1a: nEGFP) embryos. (F) Number of ISV tip cell filopodia per ISV in control and gpr182 morphant embryos at 24 hpf. (G and H) Number of ECs per ISV in control and gpr182 morphant embryos at 32 and 72 hpf, respectively. Data are presented as mean ± SD, with each data point representing an individual fish. A total of 10 fish were analyzed per group. Statistical significance was determined using Student’s t-test. ****, p < 0.0001
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