a, b, UMAPs at 1.5 dpf generated by scRNAseq versus integration of scRNAseq and snATACseq datasets using SnapATAC. SnapATAC outperforms scRNAseq in resolving dorsoventral (vertical), anterior-posterior (horizontal), and major arch landmarks including a previously unappreciated oral-aboral axis in zebrafish. c Select enriched transcription factor binding motifs for each cluster. d Gene body activities for transcription factors and their corresponding DNA-binding motifs reveal tight correspondence with published expression patterns, including zebrafish-specific overlap of dlx5a and hand2 in the mandibular arch (arrow). e Fluorescent in situ hybridization shows restricted expression of nr5a2 in the aboral domain of the mandibular arch as predicted by SnapATAC. sox10:dsRed labels CNCCs of the arches in blue (numbered, anti-dsRed antibody stain). Scale bar, 20 μm.
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