mitoSTAT3 regulates proliferation through mitochondrial DNA transcription. (A-A″) WISH with anti-mt_nd2 mRNA probe representing mitochondrial gene transcription in uninjected embryos (A), embryos injected with MLS_mStat3_NES mRNA (A′) and injected embryos treated with 50 µM Balapiravir (A″). (B-B″) FISH with pcna probe in the TeO of uninjected embryos (B), embryos injected with MLS_mStat3_NES mRNA (B′) and injected embryos treated with 50 µM Balapiravir (B″). (C) qRT-PCR showing mt_nd2 gene expression after injection of MLS_mStat3_NES mRNA and treatment with Balapiravir at 48 h post injection; zgapdh was used as internal control. (D) Fluorescence quantification of pcna mRNA expression in the TeO (n=12). (E) Relative amount of mtDNA in embryos injected with MLS_mStat3_NES mRNA and uninjected controls at 48 hpf. Mean dCt values were calculated as Ct of mt_nd1 (mitochondrial-encoded gene) minus Ct of polg1 (nuclear-encoded gene). Data are mean±s.e.m. *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001 (unpaired two-tailed t-test on three independent biological samples, where n not specified). ns, not significant. Scale bars: 200 μm in A; 100 μm in B.
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