Defects in the trunk, spinal cord, and other regions of 48-hpf FucT8 morphants. A–E: Lateral views, anterior to the left. A:islet-1 expression at 48 hr in control and morphant embryos. In FucT8 morphants, motor neurons are disorganized and expanded in the dorso-ventral plane (arrowhead). Ninety percent of 20 injected embryos showed this phenotype. B: Immunostaining with anti-acetylated tubulin (Ac-tubulin) antibody shows a lack of motor neuron projections (arrowhead in Control MO) in the spinal cord of morphant embryos. Similar to eighty-five percent of 40 injected embryos showed this phenotype. C: zn-5 antibody labeling shows a loss of projections from the DRG (arrowhead) in FucT8 morphants. Ninety percent of 20 injected embryos showed this phenotype. D: FucT8 morphants have U-shaped somites with fewer slow muscle fibers, as shown by F-59 antibody. Ninety percent of 20 injected embryos showed this phenotype. E: In situ hybridization with crestin shows that neural crest cell migration is delayed in FucT8 morphants, remaining near their site of origin at the dorsal aspect of the neural tube (arrowhead). Similar to eighty-five percent of 40 injected embryos showed this phenotype. F: Ventral view of alcian blue–stained embryos show a lack of jaw cartilage (arrowheads) in FucT8 morpholino-injected embryos. One hundred percent of 4 injected embryos illustrate a similar phenotype. G: Dorsal views, anterior to the left. zn-5 staining shows that hindbrain commissures (arrowheads in Control MO) are significantly reduced in FucT8 morphants. Ninety percent of 20 injected embryos showed this phenotype.
|
