FIGURE

Fig. 3

ID
ZDB-FIG-240426-19
Publication
Tran et al., 2024 - Caffeine-induced protein kinase A activation restores cognitive deficits induced by sleep deprivation by regulating O-GlcNAc cycling in adult zebrafish
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Fig. 3

Effects of rolipram on L/M deficits and PKA/CREB signaling, neuroinflammation, and O-GlcNAc cycling induced by sleep deprivation (SD) in zebrafish. Zebrafish were subjected to SD for 3 days, with or without daily intraperitoneal injection of rolipram (20 ng/g) over the same 3-day period. A: fear-conditioned (FC) memory test graphs depict the crossing time of each group during the L/M task (n = 6–8 fish/group). The Kruskal–Wallis test (aP < 0.05, aaP < 0.01 vs. the 1st FC of Con) and two-way ANOVA followed by FDR test (**P < 0.01 vs. Con; ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 vs. SD) were used for statistical analysis. The experiments were independently replicated three times. B: representative IF staining images (×40) and quantification graphs of p-CREB and c-Fos in the Dl region of zebrafish brains 6 h after FC. p-CREB (n = 4 fish/group) and c-Fos (n = 3 fish/group) were stained in green, and nuclei were counterstained with DAPI in blue (*P < 0.05 vs. Con; #P < 0.05 vs. SD). Enlarged images are presented in white boxes. Scale bar = 20 μm. C: representative IF images (×40) of DAPI (blue), GFAP (green), and merged staining of the Dl (scale bar = 20 μm) and Vd (scale bar = 50 μm) regions of zebrafish brains. Enlarged images are shown in the white box. Graphs show densitometric quantification (n = 3 fish/group, *P < 0.05 vs. Con; #P < 0.05 vs. SD). D: representative confocal images and quantification graphs of O-GlcNAc, OGT, and OGA. O-GlcNAc (n = 4 fish/group) and OGT (n = 3 fish/group) were stained in green, OGA (n = 3 fish/group) was stained in red, and nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue) (**P < 0.01 vs. Con; #P < 0.05 vs. SD). Enlarged images are presented in white boxes. Scale bar = 20 μm. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used to determine the statistical significance of the immunofluorescence staining quantification data. Con, control; CREB, cAMP response element-binding protein; DI, dorsal telencephalic area; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; IF, immunofluorescence; L/M, learning and memory; OGA, O-GlcNAcase; OGT, O-GlcNAc transferase; p-CREB, Phosphorylated-cAMP response element-binding protein; PKA, protein kinase A; Rol, Rolipram.

Expression Data

Expression Detail
Antibody Labeling
Phenotype Data

Phenotype Detail
Acknowledgments
This image is the copyrighted work of the attributed author or publisher, and ZFIN has permission only to display this image to its users. Additional permissions should be obtained from the applicable author or publisher of the image. Full text @ Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol.