Figure 2

Metformin reduces the recruitment of neutrophils to inflammatory sites. (a,c) Pattern diagrams showing the caudal fin damage model and otic vesicle inflammation model in zebrafish infected with the Tg(lyz:EGFP) strain. Fluorescence images showing migrating neutrophils. The white rectangles indicate the counting area (scale bar: 200 μm). (b,d) Statistical analysis showed that the number of neutrophils recruited to the injury site was significantly lower in the larvae-fed metformin (n = 20). (e–h) Q-PCR analysis showed that the expression levels of the inflammation-related genes il-1β, il-6, cxcl8a, and tnf-α were significantly downregulated after metformin treatment in juvenile fish. (i–l) Q-PCR analysis showed that the expression levels of the inflammation-related genes il-1β, il-6, cxcl8a, and tnf-α in murine macrophages under metformin conditions were significantly downregulated. (**** p < 0.0001, *** p < 0.001, ** p  <  0.01, * p  <  0.05, “ns”, no statistical difference).