Fig. 4
Figure 4. In vitro screening of CNSL derivatives for PPAR?, PPAR?, and PPAR? activity reveals a subset of selective pan-activators. HEK293 cells were transiently co-transfected with GAL4-hPPAR? (A), GAL4-hPPAR? (B), or GAL4-hPPAR? (C) together with UAS-luciferase reporter and treated with positive controls (10 nM GW7647, 100 nM Rosi, and 10 nM GW0742) or 50 ?M of indicated compounds for 16 h. Data represent mean ± standard deviation (SD) (N = 3). RLU, relative luciferase units = luciferase light units/?-galactosidase × time. Vehicle (DMSO) response was set to 1. C10:0, decanoic acid; C14:0, myristic acid; C18:0, stearic acid; C18:1n9, oleic acid. *P < 0.05 relative to corresponding vehicle, using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Holm??idák correction. |