VEGFR inhibition ameliorated hepatic steatosis post-acute ethanol treatment. (A-D) Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of paraffin sections showing livers treated with DMSO alone, ZM alone, ethanol followed by DMSO, and ethanol followed by ZM, at 27 hpt. The total numbers of livers examined and the numbers of livers that exhibited the representative phenotypes are indicated. Scale bar: 20 μm. (E-H) Representative images of the whole-mount Oil Red O staining in different experimental groups. Dashed line marks the liver. Lateral view, anterior is to the top. Oil Red O also stains the residual yolk tissue and swim bladder (asterisks). Scale bar: 250 μm. (I) Percentages (mean±s.e.m.) of the larvae with hepatic steatosis in different experimental groups at 27 hpt based on Oil Red O staining. The experiments were repeated four times and the number of animals analyzed is listed in each column. (J) qPCR analyses showing the hepatic expression of srebf1 genes (left) and srebf2 genes (right) in different experimental groups at 27 hpt. Triplicates were performed. The results are represented as relative expression levels that are normalized to the housekeeping gene eef1a1l1 (mean±s.e.m.). (K) The numbers of WT or goz+/− mutant larvae that developed steatosis at 27 hpt with or without being treated with 0.5 μM ZM. (L) The numbers of control or scap morpholino-injected larvae that developed steatosis at 27 hpt with or without being treated with 0.5 μM ZM. Statistical significance in I was calculated by two-tailed Student's t-test, and in J by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test. In K,L analysis of differences in the distribution of phenotypes was performed by the contingency table Fisher's exact test. *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001; ****P<0.0001; ns, not significant.
|
