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Fig. 9 Summary model of the temporal NF-kB (p65) regulation of HSPC development and cell cycle.NF-kB activates within ECs to induce ECs to become hemogenic by restricting proliferation. NF-kB is subsequently inactivated, allowing for a proliferative expansion of the HE. Finally, NF-kB is re-activated in HECs to drive EndoMT. When the first NF-kB activity wave is disrupted, HE fails to specify. In contrast, disruption of the second wave of NF-kB activity leads to continued proliferation of the HE pool, preventing their delamination from the DA. Figure 9 created with BioRender.com released under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International license.