Fig. 5

Posaconazole promotes survival of larval hosts by inhibiting fungal germination. Neutrophil-defective mpx:rac2D57N larvae with labeled macrophages (mpeg1:EGFP or mpeg1:H2B-EGFP) were infected with mCherry-expressing TBK5.1 A. fumigatus spores at 2 dpf and treated with vehicle control or 2.5 µg/ml posaconazole. Larvae were live-imaged every day for 5 dpi and macrophage numbers and fungal areawere quantified. Data represent five pooled replicates. A. Cumulative percentage of larvae that experience germination (solid line) or invasive hyphae (dotted line). P values and hazard ratios were calculated by Cox proportional hazard analysis. B. Of the larvae that experience germination by 3 dpi, the percentage that progress to invasive hyphae during the 5 day experimental period was calculated. P values were calculated by Fishers’ exact test. C. Of the larvae that experience germination by 4 dpi, the change in fungal area to the next day was calculated. Each dot represents one larva, color-coded by replicate. Lines represent emmeans and error bars represent SEM. P values were calculated by ANOVA. D, E. Example images of larvae that experience germination and control hyphal growth (D) or experience uncontrolled tissue-invasive hyphal growth (E). F. Heatmap representing the hyphal area measured from all larvae that experience germination at some point during the 5 days of infection. Each column represents one larva, imaged every day for 5 days or until the larva succumbed to infection.