Fig. 2

Antioxidant enzyme activity in PTZ-induced epilepsy-like conditions in zebrafish larvae and the effect of N3 on inflammatory markers and neuroprotective gene expression estimation. Relative gene expression of Inflammatory markers and neuroprotective in PTZ-induced epilepsy-like condition in zebrafish larvae. The graph represents changes in antioxidant enzyme activity and gene expression (A) superoxide dismutase (SOD), (B) catalase (CAT), (C) glutathione (GSH) level, (D) lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level. (E) interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), (F) tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), (G) interleukin-10 (IL-10), (H) cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), (I) inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), (J) bdnf. N3 compound at 100 µM, N3 compound at 50 µM, PTZ- 6 mM, PC- Positive control- Valproic acid at 100 µM. Experimental groups (n = 10/group) included zebrafish larvae treated with N3 at 50 µM, N3 at 100 µM, PTZ (6 mM), positive control (PC) Valproic acid at 100 µM, and control group. Each assay was conducted in triplicate with three independent experiments. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test. Significant differences between tested samples and the negative control are indicated by *p < 0.0332; **p < 0.0021; ***p < 0.0002, ****p < 0.0001, and ns-not significant