Fig. 2

Magnetic self-assembly of ZFO. A) The schematic diagram of magnetic self-assembly processes of ZFO. B–G) The images of ZFO in 5% glucose solution at the concentration of 10 µg mL−1, without magnetic field, under static magnetic field (2 mT) for 1, 5, 10, and 20 min, and after removing the magnetic field. The inset at the top right corner of (B–F) are the trajectories of the particle under the corresponding condition. H) Length distribution histogram of ZFO chain (10 µg mL−1) under static magnetic field (2 mT) for different self-assembly times (y axis: 0, 1, 5, 10, and 20 min). I) Length distribution histogram of ZFO chain under magnetic field (2 mT) for 10 min with the different ZFO concentration (y axis: 5, 10, 20 µg mL−1). J) Length distribution histogram of ZFO chain (10 µg mL−1) under the magnetic field of different magnetic field intensities (y axis: 1, 2, 3 mT) for 10 min. Scale bar: 20 µm.