Effects of parental treatment on zebrafish larvae endocrine stress gene expression. (A) hsd11b2 and (B) hsd20b2 relative gene expression of control (offspring control) or post-exposure to combined elevated temperature and hypoxia (offspring combined exposure) 5 days post-fertilization (dpf) larvae derived from adult zebrafish exposed to either control or combined exposure conditions for 14 days. Gene expression data were normalized and expressed as stated in Fig. 2. All gene expression was further normalized to control larvae derived from control parents. Statistical differences between values were determined with two-way ANOVAs followed by post hoc Holm–Šidák tests (A: square-root transformed, parental exposure: P=0.001; larval exposure: P<0.001; parental exposure×larval exposure: P<0.001; B: log10-transformed; parental exposure: P=0.003; larval exposure: P<0.001; parental exposure×larval exposure: P=0.059). Differences within treatments across exposure at 5 dpf are indicated by different letters. Differences between treatments for a given exposure at 5 dpf are indicated by an asterisk. Data are means±s.e.m. (all n=6).
|
