Figure 3

Behavioral analyses of 5 dpf wfs1 mutant larvae. (A) Light protocol: the activity is measured for 70 min, with 30 min of training in the dark (OFF), then two cycles of light/dark (ON/OFF) of 10 min each. Analysis of the distance traveled by (B) the wfs1a^C825X and (F) wfs1b^W493X larvae at 5 dpf during the light/dark cycle in the VMR test. Relative distance traveled was measured during some experiment phases as (C, G) the training phase [blue-dotted lines in (B, F) between 21 and 29 min]; (D, H) the ON phase (the averaged ON1 and ON2 phases); (E, I) the OFF phase (the averaged OFF1 and OFF2 phases). (J) Illustration of the OKR test. Four larvae are immobilized in petri dish and placed in an arena with moving black and white gratings. (K) The number of saccades performed in 2 min. (L) Illustration of the touch escape test. The larva’s tail is touched with a tip and (M) the traveled distance of the larva in the rail is measured for 5 s, repeated for three times per larva and averaged. Relative distances were expressed as % of associated controls. Error bars represent ± SEM calculated from three replicas. The number of animals is indicated below the columns. ^*P < 0.05; ^**P < 0.01; unpaired t-test.