Fig. 4

ppargc1a and Prostaglandin Pathway Component ptgs1 Act Together to Properly Form Ciliated Cells

(A) Twenty-eight hours post-fertilization WT (top), ppargc1a suboptimal dose MO (SMO), ptgs1 SMO, ppargc1a + ptgs1 SMO, and ppargc1a + ptgs1 SMO + dmPGE2-treated zebrafish stained via whole-mount immunofluorescence for acetylated α-tubulin (cilia, green), γ-tubulin (basal bodies, red), and DAPI in the proximal pronephros. Scale bar, 7 μm.

(B) Cilia length in micrometers for the proximal pronephros.

(C) Graph of the percentage of ciliated basal bodies/total basal bodies per 100 μm in the proximal pronephros.

(D) Twenty-eight hours post-fertilization WT (top), ppargc1a SMO, ptgs1 SMO, ppargc1a + ptgs1 SMO, and ppargc1a + ptgs1 SMO + dmPGE2-treated zebrafish stained via whole-mount immunofluorescence for acetylated α-tubulin (cilia, green), γ-tubulin (basal bodies, red), and DAPI in the distal pronephros. Scale bar, 7 μm.

(E) Cilia length in micrometers for the distal pronephros.

(F) Graph of the percentage of ciliated basal bodies/total basal bodies per 100 μm in the distal pronephros.

(G) MCCs stained via WISH for odf3b at 24 hpf in WT, ppargc1a SMO, ptgs1 SMO, ppargc1a + ptgs1 SMO, and ppargc1a + ptgs1 SMO + dmPGE2-treated zebrafish. Scale bar, 50 μm.

(H) Graph depicting the number of MCCs present.

(I) Forty-eight hours post-fertilization zebrafish injected with ppargc1a SMO, ptgs1 SMO, ppargc1a + ptgs1 SMO, and ppargc1a + ptgs1 SMO + dmPGE2-treated displaying either a WT phenotype (left) or an affected phenotype (right). The respective penetrance is listed within each image area. Scale bar, 100 μm.

Data are represented as mean ± SD. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗p < 0.001 (one-way ANOVA); n.s., not significant.