FIGURE 1

Carbofuran accelerated yolk opaqueness and SA‐β‐galactosidase activity in spns1 mutant zebrafish. A, Incross among heterozygote (spns1^+/−) fishes. Around 25% of resultant embryos are spns1^−/− homozygous mutant, whereas the remaining 75% of embryos consist of wild (spns1^+/+) and heterozygous (spns1^+/−) embryos. B, Yolk opaqueness phenotype in homozygote (spns1^−/−) fish. The opaqueness was accelerated by carbofuran exposure. C, The SA‐β‐gal activity was high in homozygote (spns1^−/−) fish and accelerated by exposure to carbofuran. The SA‐β‐gal staining at the head was expanded, as shown by a red box and red arrow. The SA‐β‐gal staining of whole fish was observed under the bright field (BF) condition of the stereo‐microscope. The cellular SA‐β‐gal staining in the head (shown by green box and arrow) was observed by confocal microscopy. The scale bars are 250 mm (stereo microscopic images) and 10 mm (confocal microscopic images). D, Quantification of SA‐β‐gal staining intensity of whole fish. E, Quantification of cellular SA‐β‐gal staining signals in the head region. The number of animals was 10 (n = 10). ***P ≤ .005