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Cell movements are impaired in double mutants before the elongation stage of tail morphogenesis. Prospective posterior tailbud cells were labeled 180° from the shield by uncaging with ultraviolet light (A). Labeled cells (black) move to the tailbud region marked by papc expression (red) in wild-type (B) and in single and double mutant embryos, including ppt;ntl (B), at bud stage. At five somites, the position of the labeled cells (red) relative to the ventral derived gta1-expressing cells (blue) was determined. In wild-type embryos (D), labeled cells form elongated arrays that overlap with gta1-expressing cells. In ppt (E), kny (F) and ntl (G) embryos, the labeled cells form shorter arrays that overlap with gta1 expression. By contrast, labeled cells in ppt;ntl (H) and kny;ntl (I) mutants do not form elongated arrays and remain in the posterior bud. (A) Lateral view. (B-I) Dorsal posterior views. Scale bars=100 μm.
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