ngn1 is required for DA neuron development in the basal forebrain. All images are lateral views of anterior brain regions except I–L. Anterior is to the left, and dorsal is up. (A–L) Immunostaining with TH antibody (A, B, G, and L), in situ with TH (E and F), or DAT antisense probe (C and D), or immunostaining with 5HT antibody (M and N), shows that DA neurons in the ventral forebrain is completely absent at 32 hpf, largely absent at 48 hpf, and remain significantly defective at 72 hpf in ngn1-morphants, whereas TH+ DA neurons appear normal in the retina, TH+ gut sympathetic neurons are normal in the trunk region of ngn1 morphants, and 5HT neurons are not affected. (Insets) Magnified views of basal forebrain 5HT neurons. DA, dopaminergic neurons; DAT, dopamine transporter; di, diencephalon; epi, epiphysis; hb, hindbrain; LC, locus coeruleus; mhb, midhindbrain boundary; t, telencephalon. (Scale bar, 32 μm.)
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