PUBLICATION
The globally re-emerging norovirus GII.2 manifests higher heat resistance than norovirus GII.4 and Tulane virus
- Authors
- Tan, M.T.H., Xue, L., Wang, D., Eshaghi Gorji, M., Li, Y., Gong, Z., Li, D.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-211129-30
- Date
- 2021
- Source
- Journal of applied microbiology 132(3): 2441-2449 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Gong, Zhiyuan
- Keywords
- Norovirus, infectivity, RNase, heat, virus structural stability
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Hot Temperature
- Humans
- Norovirus*/chemistry
- Norovirus*/genetics
- Phylogeny
- Virus Inactivation
- Zebrafish
- PubMed
- 34821445 Full text @ J. Appl. Microbiol.
Citation
Tan, M.T.H., Xue, L., Wang, D., Eshaghi Gorji, M., Li, Y., Gong, Z., Li, D. (2021) The globally re-emerging norovirus GII.2 manifests higher heat resistance than norovirus GII.4 and Tulane virus. Journal of applied microbiology. 132(3):2441-2449.
Abstract
Aims To compare the heat stability of two globally prevalent human norovirus (HuNoV) strains (GII.2[P16] and GII.4[P16]) and a commonly used HuNoV surrogate, Tulane virus (TV).
Methods and results With the use of a newly developed zebrafish larvae platform, we measured the change of infectivity of HuNoV GII.2[P16] and GII.4[P16] toward mild heat treatment at 55 °C for 5 min. TV was tested with the same experimental design. As a result, the virus infectivity measurement clearly indicated the higher heat resistance of HuNoV GII.2[P16] (no reduction) than GII.4[P16] (> 0.8-log TCID50 ml-1 reduction) and TV (2.5-log TCID50 ml-1 reduction). Further exploration revealed higher virus structural stability of HuNoV GII.2 than GII.4 strains by the use of different clinical samples with different evaluation methods.
Conclusion The inactivation data generated from the surrogate virus TV cannot be used directly to describe the inactivation of HuNoV. The phylogenetic classification of HuNoVs may correlate with the virus stability and/or circulation dynamics.
Significance and impact of the study This study is expected to serve as an important reference when revisiting the numerous previous data evaluating HuNoV inactivation conditions in foods with the use of TV as the cultivable surrogate or with genuine HuNoV but using molecular methods. The higher resistance of NoV GII.2 strains than GII.4 strains toward inactivation treatment supplies a possible explanation for the global re-emerging of NoV GII.2 epidemic in recent years.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping