PUBLICATION

Drug repositioning in epilepsy reveals novel antiseizure candidates

Authors
Brueggeman, L., Sturgeon, M.L., Martin, R.M., Grossbach, A.J., Nagahama, Y., Zhang, A., Howard, M.A., Kawasaki, H., Wu, S., Cornell, R.A., Michaelson, J.J., Bassuk, A.G.
ID
ZDB-PUB-190309-4
Date
2018
Source
Annals of clinical and translational neurology   6: 295-309 (Journal)
Registered Authors
Cornell, Robert
Keywords
none
MeSH Terms
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Drug Repositioning*
  • Electroencephalography/methods
  • Epilepsy/pathology*
  • Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/pathology*
  • Female
  • Hippocampus/pathology
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Seizures/pathology*
  • Temporal Lobe/pathology
PubMed
30847362 Full text @ Ann Clin Transl Neurol
Abstract
Epilepsy treatment falls short in ~30% of cases. A better understanding of epilepsy pathophysiology can guide rational drug development in this difficult to treat condition. We tested a low-cost, drug-repositioning strategy to identify candidate epilepsy drugs that are already FDA-approved and might be immediately tested in epilepsy patients who require new therapies.
Biopsies of spiking and nonspiking hippocampal brain tissue from six patients with unilateral mesial temporal lobe epilepsy were analyzed by RNA-Seq. These profiles were correlated with transcriptomes from cell lines treated with FDA-approved drugs, identifying compounds which were tested for therapeutic efficacy in a zebrafish seizure assay.
In spiking versus nonspiking biopsies, RNA-Seq identified 689 differentially expressed genes, 148 of which were previously cited in articles mentioning seizures or epilepsy. Differentially expressed genes were highly enriched for protein-protein interactions and formed three clusters with associated GO-terms including myelination, protein ubiquitination, and neuronal migration. Among the 184 compounds, a zebrafish seizure model tested the therapeutic efficacy of doxycycline, metformin, nifedipine, and pyrantel tartrate, with metformin, nifedipine, and pyrantel tartrate all showing efficacy.
This proof-of-principle analysis suggests our powerful, rapid, cost-effective approach can likely be applied to other hard-to-treat diseases.
Genes / Markers
Figures
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Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping