PUBLICATION
Analyses in zebrafish embryos reveal that nanotoxicity profiles are dependent on surface-functionalization controlled penetrance of biological membranes
- Authors
- Paatero, I., Casals, E., Niemi, R., Özliseli, E., Rosenholm, J.M., Sahlgren, C.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-170823-6
- Date
- 2017
- Source
- Scientific Reports 7: 8423 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Keywords
- Biomaterials, Drug delivery, Drug safety
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Calcium Compounds/pharmacokinetics
- Calcium Compounds/toxicity*
- Cardiovascular System/drug effects
- Embryo, Nonmammalian
- Membranes/metabolism*
- Nanoparticles*
- Permeability*
- Silicates/pharmacokinetics
- Silicates/toxicity*
- Surface Properties*
- Survival Analysis
- Zebrafish
- PubMed
- 28827674 Full text @ Sci. Rep.
Citation
Paatero, I., Casals, E., Niemi, R., Özliseli, E., Rosenholm, J.M., Sahlgren, C. (2017) Analyses in zebrafish embryos reveal that nanotoxicity profiles are dependent on surface-functionalization controlled penetrance of biological membranes. Scientific Reports. 7:8423.
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are extensively explored as drug delivery systems, but in depth understanding of design-toxicity relationships is still scarce. We used zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos to study toxicity profiles of differently surface functionalized MSNs. Embryos with the chorion membrane intact, or dechoroniated embryos, were incubated or microinjected with amino (NH2-MSNs), polyethyleneimine (PEI-MSNs), succinic acid (SUCC-MSNs) or polyethyleneglycol (PEG-MSNs) functionalized MSNs. Toxicity was assessed by viability and cardiovascular function. NH2-MSNs, SUCC-MSNs and PEG-MSNs were well tolerated, 50 µg/ml PEI-MSNs induced 100% lethality 48 hours post fertilization (hpf). Dechoroniated embryos were more sensitive and 10 µg/ml PEI-MSNs reduced viability to 5% at 96hpf. Sensitivity to PEG- and SUCC-, but not NH2-MSNs, was also enhanced. Typically cardiovascular toxicity was evident prior to lethality. Confocal microscopy revealed that PEI-MSNs penetrated into the embryos whereas PEG-, NH2- and SUCC-MSNs remained aggregated on the skin surface. Direct exposure of inner organs by microinjecting NH2-MSNs and PEI-MSNs demonstrated that the particles displayed similar toxicity indicating that functionalization affects the toxicity profile by influencing penetrance through biological barriers. The data emphasize the need for careful analyses of toxicity mechanisms in relevant models and constitute an important knowledge step towards the development of safer and sustainable nanotherapies.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping