PUBLICATION

The embryonic origins and genetic programming of emerging haematopoietic stem cells

Authors
Ciau-Uitz, A., Patient, R.
ID
ZDB-PUB-160818-5
Date
2016
Source
FEBS letters   590(22): 4002-4015 (Review)
Registered Authors
Patient, Roger K.
Keywords
Definitive Haemangioblast, Gene Regulatory Network, Haematopoietic Stem Cells, Lateral Plate Mesoderm, Quail-chick chimera, Wolffian duct, Xenopus, mouse, zebrafish
MeSH Terms
  • Animals
  • Cell Differentiation/genetics
  • Cell Lineage/genetics
  • Chick Embryo
  • Embryo, Mammalian
  • Embryo, Nonmammalian
  • Embryonic Development/genetics*
  • Hemangioblasts/metabolism
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cells*
  • Mesoderm/embryology
  • Mesoderm/growth & development*
  • Mice
  • Xenopus laevis/embryology
  • Xenopus laevis/genetics*
PubMed
27531714 Full text @ FEBS Lett.
Abstract
Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) emerge from the haemogenic endothelium (HE) localised in the ventral wall of the embryonic dorsal aorta (DA). The HE generates HSCs through a process known as the endothelial to haematopoietic transition (EHT), which has been visualised in live embryos and is currently under intense study. However, EHT is the culmination of multiple programming events, which are as yet poorly understood, that take place before the specification of HE. A number of haematopoietic precursor cells have been described before the emergence of definitive HSCs, but only one haematovascular progenitor, the definitive haemangioblast (DH), gives rise to the DA, HE and HSCs. DHs emerge in the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM) and have a distinct origin and genetic programme compared to other, previously described haematovascular progenitors. Although DHs have so far only been established in Xenopus embryos, evidence for their existence in the LPM of mouse and chicken embryos is discussed here. We also review the current knowledge of the origins, lineage relationships, genetic programming, and differentiation of the DHs that leads to the generation of HSCs. Importantly, we discuss the significance of the gene regulatory network (GRN) that controls the programming of DHs, a better understanding of which may aid in the establishment of protocols for the de novo generation of HSCs in vitro.
Genes / Markers
Figures
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping