PUBLICATION
Effect-directed analysis of municipal landfill soil reveals novel developmental toxicants in the zebrafish Danio rerio
- Authors
- Legler, J., Velzen, M.V., Cenijn, P., Houtman, C., Lamoree, M., and Wegener, J.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-110811-27
- Date
- 2011
- Source
- Environmental science & technology 45(19): 8552-8 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Legler, Juliette
- Keywords
- none
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Chemical Fractionation
- Cities*
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/drug effects
- Fertilization/drug effects
- Growth and Development/drug effects
- Netherlands
- Organic Chemicals/chemistry
- Organic Chemicals/toxicity
- Phenotype
- Soil/chemistry*
- Soil/standards
- Toxicity Tests/methods*
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/chemistry
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity*
- Zebrafish/embryology*
- PubMed
- 21823594 Full text @ Env. Sci. Tech.
Citation
Legler, J., Velzen, M.V., Cenijn, P., Houtman, C., Lamoree, M., and Wegener, J. (2011) Effect-directed analysis of municipal landfill soil reveals novel developmental toxicants in the zebrafish Danio rerio. Environmental science & technology. 45(19):8552-8.
Abstract
Effect directed analysis (EDA) is an approach used to identify (unknown) contaminants in complex samples which cause toxicity, using a combination of biology and chemistry. The goal of this study was to apply EDA to identify developmental toxicants in soil samples collected from a former municipal landfill site. Soil samples were extracted, fractioned, and tested for developmental effects with an embryotoxicity assay in the zebrafish Danio rerio. Gas chromatograph mass selective detection (GC-MSD) chemical screening was used to reveal candidate developmental toxicants in fractions showing effects. In a parallel study, liquid chromatography–hybrid linear ion trap Orbitrap mass spectrometry was also applied to one polar sub-fraction (Hoogenboom et al., 2009, Journal of Chromatography A, 1216 (2009) 510–519). EDA resulted in the identification of a number of previously unknown developmental toxicants, which were confirmed to be present in soil by GC-MS. These included 11H-benzo[b]fluorene, 9-methylacridine, 4-azapyrene, and 2-phenylquinoline, as well as one known developmental toxicant (retene). This study revealed the presence of novel contaminants in the environment that may affect vertebrate development, which are not subject to monitoring or regulation under current soil quality assessment guidelines.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping