PUBLICATION
Zebrafish early macrophages colonize cephalic mesenchyme and developing brain, retina, and epidermis through a M-CSF receptor-dependent invasive process
- Authors
- Herbomel, P., Thisse, B., and Thisse, C.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-010918-1
- Date
- 2001
- Source
- Developmental Biology 238(2): 274-288 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Herbomel, Philippe, Thisse, Bernard, Thisse, Christine
- Keywords
- macrophages; macrophage motility; embryogenesis; zebrafish; microglia; epidermis; apolipoprotein E; fms; M-CSF/CSF-1
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Apolipoproteins E/biosynthesis
- Brain/embryology*
- Down-Regulation
- Epidermis/embryology*
- In Situ Hybridization
- Macrophages/metabolism*
- Membrane Glycoproteins
- Mesoderm/metabolism*
- Microfilament Proteins
- Models, Biological
- Mutation
- Phenotype
- Phosphoproteins/genetics
- Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/metabolism*
- Retina/embryology*
- Superior Colliculi/embryology
- Time Factors
- Zebrafish
- PubMed
- 11784010 Full text @ Dev. Biol.
Citation
Herbomel, P., Thisse, B., and Thisse, C. (2001) Zebrafish early macrophages colonize cephalic mesenchyme and developing brain, retina, and epidermis through a M-CSF receptor-dependent invasive process. Developmental Biology. 238(2):274-288.
Abstract
The origin of resident (noninflammatory) macrophages in vertebrate tissues is still poorly understood. In the zebrafish embryo, we recently described a specific lineage of early macrophages that differentiate in the yolk sac before the onset of blood circulation. We now show that these early macrophages spread in the whole cephalic mesenchyme, and from there invade epithelial tissues: epidermis, retina, and brain-especially the optic tectum. In the panther mutant, which lacks a functional fms (M-CSF receptor) gene, early macrophages differentiate and behave apparently normally in the yolk sac, but then fail to invade embryonic tissues. Our video recordings then document for the first time the behavior of macrophages in the invaded tissues, revealing the striking propensity of early macrophages in epidermis and brain to wander restlessly among epithelial cells. This unexpected behavior suggests that tissue macrophages may be constantly "patrolling" for immune and possibly also developmental and trophic surveillance. At 60 h post-fertilization, all macrophages in the brain and retina undergo a specific phenotypic transformation, into "early (amoeboid) microglia": they become more highly endocytic, they down-regulate the L-plastin gene, and abruptly start expressing high levels of apolipoprotein E, a well-known neurotrophic lipid carrier.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping