Figure 7
Cdot‐induced ROS activate mTOR signaling and increase the expression of downstream glutamine metabolism‐related genes. A) UM intracellular glutamine content increased in a Cdot‐concentration‐dependent manner after removal of Cdots and 24 h of additional culture. B) Addition of the antioxidants NAC and Toc reversed the Cdot‐induced upregulation of intracellular glutamine concentration. C) Western blots showing that pAkt, pmTOR, pS6K, and p4EBP protein levels increased in a Cdot‐concentration‐dependent manner after removal of Cdots and 24 h of additional culture. Total Akt, total mTOR, total S6K, total 4EBP, and