ZFIN Image: Zang et al., 2021, FIGURE 1

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FIGURE 1

Ginger hexane extract (GHE) fractions containing gingerols suppress osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 cells. (A) Experimental design to identify anti-osteoclastic constituents in GHE. (B) The number of TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts containing more than 11 nuclei. n = 3, error bars indicate SE; p values are calculated compared to control. The representative TRAP stained images for each fraction are shown in Supplementary Figure 1. (C) Chromatograms of HPLC analysis of GHE and Fractions F, G, and H. The peaks were detected at UV 228 nm absorbance. The peak numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 refer to 6-gingerol, neral, citral, 6-shogaol, phellandrene, and farnesene, respectively. Identification of P1, P2, and P3 indicated by arrowheads was performed by LC/MS analysis.

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