PPARα activation promotes LPC-mediated liver regeneration. (A) Scheme illustrating LPC-mediated liver regeneration in Tg(fabp10a:pt-β-catenin) fish and GW7647 treatment stage. (B) qRT-PCR data showing the relative expression levels of hepatocyte (cyp7a1, gc, serpina1, ces2) and BEC (her9, epcam) markers between DMSO- and GW7647-treated Tg(fabp10a:pt-β-catenin) livers at 14 dpf. (C) Section in situ hybridization images showing pparaa expression in Tg(fabp10a:pt-β-catenin) livers at 14 dpf. (D) Immunofluorescence images showing Bhmt expression in 15-dpf Tg(fabp10a:pt-β-catenin) livers treated with 1 μM GW7647 or 7 μM CAY10599. (E) Section in situ hybridization images showing the expression of hepatocyte (cyp7a1, gc, serpina1) and BEC (epcam) markers in 15-dpf Tg(fabp10a:pt-β-catenin) livers. For quantification, larvae were grouped into +/− (cyp7a1, gc, epcam) or strong/medium/weak (serpina1) based on gene expression levels. (F) Immunofluorescence images showing the expression of Abcb11 (red) and Bhmt (grey) in 13-dpf Tg(fabp10a:pt-β-catenin) livers. Violin plot graphs show the quantification of the number of Abcb11+ canaliculi per liver area; median and quartiles are indicated by red dashed and black dotted lines, respectively. Dashed lines outline the livers (C–E). Numbers in the upper right corner indicate the proportion of larvae exhibiting the phenotype shown (D, E). Data are represented as mean ± SD (B). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001; statistical significance was calculated using an unpaired two-tailed t-test (B, F), Fisher’s exact test (E: cyp7a1, gc, epcam), and chi-square test (E: serpina1). Scale bars, 50 μm.
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