Fig. 4

Morphological Defects by TUT4/7 Translation-Blocking Morpholinos

(A and B) Zebrafish (A) and frog (B) embryos showing the effects of TUT4/7 morpholinos (MOs). In (B), black arrows indicate the edges of the blastopore (gastrula) and the positions of neural tube closure (neurula).

(C) Zebrafish embryos displaying the rescue effects after co-injection of TUT7 morpholino and tut7 mRNA. (top) Representative images of embryos injected with each treatment as annotated above. The numbers on the bottom right corner of each panel indicate the embryo count showing the same morphological characteristics as the presented image and the total number of embryos used for the experiment, respectively. (bottom) The number of embryos that progressed to the beginning of epiboly. An asterisk indicates a significant effect (p < 1.17 × 10⁻⁵; Fisher’s exact test).

(D) Frog embryos demonstrating the rescue effect of the tut7 mRNA injection. (top) The embryos were injected with control or TUT4/7 morpholino, along with GFP mRNA as a control (leftmost and the second), frog wild-type tut7 mRNA (third), or frog tut7 mRNA with a “DADA” mutation in its active site(rightmost). Black arrows indicate the positions of the blastopore. Numbers on the bottom right corner of each panel indicate the embryo counts with the shown morphology and total counts, respectively. (bottom) The number of embryos without defects in blastopore closure. An asterisk indicates a significant effect (p < 1.15 × 10⁻³; Fisher’s exact test; two conditions resulted in the exactly same counts by chance).

(E) Average length of U tails per tail of all 5–15 nt poly(A) tails in frog stages 9 and 12.

See also Figure S5.