a Confocal image of fli:EGFP zebrafish larva injected intravenously with 0.8 mg mL⁻¹ PPDCT NPs. b Uptake and breakdown of NPs over time span of 96 h in the liver and caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT) of fli:EGFP zebrafish liver. c Confocal image of EGFP:kras^V12 zebrafish larva injected intravenously with 0.8 mg mL⁻¹ PPDCT NPs. d Uptake and breakdown of NPs over time span of 96 h in the liver and CHT of EGFP:kras^V12 zebrafish liver. Confocal λ_ex = 488 nm, green fluorescent protein λ_em = 509 nm, PPDCT λ_em = 660 nm

Change in liver tumor volume for control group: a without injection or illumination (−/−), b with injection and without illumination (−/+) and c without injection and with illumination (+/−). Change in liver tumor volume for group injected with NPs on 7 dpf and treated: d with 135 J cm⁻² of illumination 9 dpf and e with 270 J cm⁻² of illumination of 9 dpf. f Graph depicting the percentage of tumor volume change on 10 dpf relative to the volume on 9 dpf before light treatment for all five groups, n = 14; confocal λ_ex = 488 nm, green fluorescent protein λ_em = 509 nm, PPDCT λ_em = 660 nm