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Fig. 3 Constitutive activation of Nrf2 target genes in keap1 mutants. Relative mRNA expression of A gstp1.2 and B prdx1 in 4 dpf larvae of different genotypes, with or without H₂O₂ treatment. In the absence of oxidative stress, both keap1a−/− and keap1b−/− mutants show significantly elevated basal expression of these Nrf2 target genes, indicating constitutive pathway activation due to loss of Keap1-mediated Nrf2 repression. This constitutive activation is completely abolished in nfe2l2a−/− larvae, confirming these genes are bona fide Nrf2 targets. Expression is normalized to ef1a and relative to the untreated WT group. Data are mean ± SEM (n = 3). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01