ZFIN Image: Bai et al., 2025, FIGURE 6

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FIGURE 6

Mechanism of the combination therapy in synergistically suppressing APL through triple-axis targeting of the proteasome, ferroptosis, and lysosome pathways. (A) GO analysis reveals marked perturbations in ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) processes, including ubiquitin-dependent/independent proteolysis, proteasome assembly, and enhanced proteasomal degradation regulation, alongside disrupted iron ion homeostasis and autophagosome dynamics. (B) KEGG pathway enrichment indicates significant activation of the proteasome pathway (central to proteostasis), ferroptosis, glutathione metabolism (linked to oxidative stress), and concurrent enrichment of neurodegenerative disease pathways (e.g., Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s). (C,D) GSEA validates robust modulation of the proteasome and lysosome pathways.

Acknowledgments

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