ACL promoted the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells under FAC treatment. (A) Cell viability of MC3T3-E1 cells treated with different concentrations of FAC (0–400 µmol/L) with or without ACL (5 or 10 mg/L) for 24 h. * p < 0.05 versus control group. (B,C) Alizarin red staining and Alkaline phosphatase staining of MC3T3-E1 cells treated with 100 μmol/L FAC and exposed to 5 or 10 mg/L ACL for 1 or 2 weeks. (D,E) Degree of mineralization and Alkaline phosphatase activity were quantified, * means p < 0.05 between two indicated groups (n = 6). (F–H) Quantitative analysis of mRNA expression levels of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteocalcin (OCN) and osteopontin (OPN) in MC3T3-E1 cells cultured in 100 μmol/L FAC with 5 or 10 mg/L ACL for 3 days. The control group was set to 1.0, * means p < 0.05 between two indicated groups (n = 6). Data are displayed as mean ± SD.
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