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Fig 12
Upon virus infection, fish RIG-I senses the viral RNA and interacts with MAVS, leading to the recruitment of TBK1, which phosphorylates MITA and IRF3, then induces IFN production. TMEM33, an ER-localized protein, triggers the K48-linked ubiquitination and degradation of MAVS, meanwhile, it also reduces MITA/IRF3 phosphorylation by acting as a substrate of TBK1, thereby preventing IFN expression.
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