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Figure 1 Anatomy of rod and cone photoreceptors and their organization in the human retina. (A) Cartoons of a rod (grey) and cone (blue) photoreceptor. Photoreceptors have an outer segment (OS) that is packed with light-sensitive opsin proteins, a connecting cilium (CC) that connects the OS with the mitochondria-rich inner segment (IS), a cell body (CB), and a synapse. (B) Cartoon of the human photoreceptor mosaic. Humans have three types of cones: red, green, and blue, depicted in those respective colours. The peripheral retina is rod-dense with cones interspersed throughout, while the central retina is cone-dense.