Ube3a mutants exhibit larger shoals and anxiety-like behaviours. a Scheme illustrating the shoaling test and representative interfish distances (red dotted lines); created with BioRender. b Shoaling area between WT and mutant fish. c Nearest neighbuorhood distance measured for WT and mutant zebrafish (N = 5, unpaired t test). d Farthest neighbourhood distance measured for WT and mutant zebrafish (N = 5; unpaired t test). e Average interfish distance between the WT and mutants. f Representative traces of WT (top) and mutant (bottom) behaviours in the open-field test. g Distances travelled for WT and mutant fish plotted against time. h Average speed in the OFT between WT and mutant (N = 13 for WT, N = 12 for mutant; unpaired t test). i Average speed (left), percentage of time spent in the light (middle) and exploration of the lit zone (right) for WT and mutants (N = 15; unpaired t test) in the light‒dark test (LDT). j Average speed (left), number of entries in the top half (middle) and proportion of time spent in the top half (right) for WT and mutants (N = 12 for WT, N = 11 for mutant; unpaired t test) in the novel tank diving test (NTT). The data are presented as the mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05 and ***P < 0.001.
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