Fig. 6

Rescue of vitellogenic growth in the double mutants (nobox−/−;dmrt1−/− and cyp19a1a−/−;dmrt1−/−) by E2 treatment.

a Schematic illustration of E2 treatment. b Ovarian histology of different genotypes in the control group with normal feeding and the E2 treatment group fed with an E2-containing diet (n = 3 independent fish). Vitellogenic growth characterized with yolk granule accumulation resumed in both double mutants (nobox−/−;dmrt1−/− and cyp19a1a−/−;dmrt1−/−), which were blocked at the PV stage with the formation of cortical alveoli but not yolk granules. c Follicle composition of different genotypes in different treatment groups (n = 3 independent fish). The data points shown are diameters of individual follicles and the statistical significance of the means was demonstrated by unpaired Student’s two-tailed t test. d Fecundity of different genotypes and treatments. Each data point represents the number of eggs spawned by each female mated with one wild-type male (Control group: n = 4 independent experiments; Other groups: n = 3 independent experiments). The sexes of examined females were further confirmed by histology after mating. Data shown are mean ± SEM, P values revealed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test. e The offspring from E2-treated females of cyp19a1a−/−;dmrt1−/− double mutant.