Figure 1

A reproducible and scalable blunt-force TBI in adult zebrafish. (A) Diagram depicting the conditions of the modified Marmarou weight drop scaled to the adult zebrafish. On the left, the tube through which the dropping ball falls is shown relative to the head and brain of the zebrafish. On the right, a red circle over the brain diagram shows the relative impact center of the dropping ball (forebrain in green, midbrain in purple, and hindbrain in blue). (B) Following damage, the percentage of fish dying significantly increased relative to the damage severity (n ? 200 fish). (C) Graph of the percentage of fish surviving following TBI out to 28 dpi. All mortality took place within 1 dpi (n = 30). (D) The recovery time for the fish to right themselves without exhibiting akinesia, ataxia, and motor incoordination significantly increased with damage severity (n = 15). (E) The percentage of fish that experienced intense tonic-clonic seizures significantly increased relative to the damage severity (n ? 200 fish). (F) The percentage of fish exhibiting post-traumatic seizures observed out to 28 dpi significantly increased relative to the damage severity. No seizures were observed after 1.5 dpi for any of the damage severities (n = 30). Forebrain, FB, hind-brain, HB, midbrain, MB All graph data points are Mean ± SEM. Statistical analyses were performed with either Two-way ANOVA or One-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey post-hoc test. ## p < 0.01.