FIGURE 1

Knockdown of TFAM in zebrafish embryos. Zebrafish embryos injected with indicated amount of either Control-morpholino (Ctrl-MO) or tfam splice-morpholino tfam splice-MO at 1 hpf and analyzed at 4 dpf. (A)tfam splice-morpholino (MO) at the 3′ splice site of exon 2 causes deletion of exon 2, which predicts a frame-shift and premature stop codon (p.(Cys29Hisfs*36)) (figure is not on scale). (B) The relative copy number assessed by mitochondrial ND1/nuclear B2M ratio. Data are normalized to the NIC embryos (n = 7). Bars indicate mean values with SD, n = 20 per 2 ng injected condition and n = 16 per 4 ng injected condition. P-values are calculated using ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s Multiple Comparison Test to assess copy number, *P-value < 0.05, **P-value < 0.01. (C) The oxygen consumption rate (OCR) measured by Seahorse XF24 in order to assess basal respiration and maximal ATP production capacity at 4 dpf using 2 ng MO. The statistical analysis was performed by using a student t-test (P < 0.05), n = 10 per tfam splice-MO condition and n = 9 per Ctrl-MO condition.