Fig. 3

Chemogenetic Ablation of the Raphe Results in Decreased Sleep in Zebrafish

(A–F′) Maximum intensity projections of brains (A–F) and single plane images of pineal glands (A′–F′) from 5 dpf Tg(tph2:eNTR-YFP) zebrafish treated with DMSO vehicle (A–C and A′–C′) or MTZ (D–F, D′–F′), and immunostained for 5-HT and YFP. Scale bars, 50 μm. a, anterior; p, posterior; Pt, pretectal area; Hyp, hypothalamus; Ra, raphe; MO, medulla oblongata.

(G–I) Activity (G), waking activity (H), and sleep (I) for 5 dpf Tg(tph2:eNTR-YFP) (red) and non-transgenic sibling control (blue) zebrafish treated with MTZ. Line and shading represent mean ± SEM.

(J and K) Activity, waking activity, sleep, sleep bout number, sleep bout length during day (J) and night (K), and sleep latency at night (K). n, number of animals. ns p > 0.05, ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, ^∗∗∗p < 0.001, ^∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001, Mann-Whitney test.