Fig. 1.

Different injection sites of zebrafish larvae used to study Shigella infection. Main attributes of different injection sites used for the study of Shigella infection of zebrafish larvae (3 days postfertilisation). To study systemic infection and Shigella-phagocyte interactions, intravenous injection of Shigella into the circulation is performed via the caudal vein/posterior blood island or Duct of Cuvier (highlighted in red). To study compartmentalised infection and a directed leukocyte response to Shigella, injection of Shigella into the hindbrain ventricle, or subcutaneous/intramuscular injection of Shigella into epithelial cells of the tail muscle, is used (highlighted in green). The dashed line boxes indicate the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) and caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT) where emergency granulopoiesis (see Glossary, Box 1) takes place.