Fig. 3

TIE2-R849W-related malformed forebrain and abnormal jaw developmental extension in zebrafish. (A, B) Injection of TIE2-R849W mRNA causes malformed forebrain and abnormal jaw developmental extension by 7 dpf. There is a slightly different but almost similar degree of alteration among different individuals. (C, D) From the profile view, despite the obvious perturbations in the forebrain (indicated by white asterisk) and mandibular structures (indicated by blue triangle), the otocysts develop normally (indicated by orange arrow). (E, F) In the mutant group, there exists mandibular hypermorphosis towards the anterior inferior part, reduction of mandibular width, holistic morphological abnormalities and mild bimaxillary deviation. (G) Quantification of jaw developmental defects in control and TIE2-R849W group at 52 hpf. (H, I) In contrast to the control group (I), zebrafish in the TIE2-R849W group were histologically characterized by abnormal extension of mandibular cartilage (indicated by green arrow), ectopic proliferation of myelencephalon (indicated by orange arrow) and aberrant location of neurogliocytes (indicated by black asterisk) (HE, hematoxylin and eosin staining; scale bars are 100 μm for H and I).