PUBLICATION

Distinct and Overlapping Functions of ptpn11 Genes in Zebrafish Development

Authors
Bonetti, M., Rodriguez-Martinez, V., Paardekooper Overman, J., Overvoorde, J., van Eekelen, M., Jopling, C., Hertog, J.d.
ID
ZDB-PUB-140513-138
Date
2014
Source
PLoS One   9: e94884 (Journal)
Registered Authors
Jopling, Chris, Overvoorde, John
Keywords
Embryos, Zebrafish, Phenotypes, ERK signaling cascade, Phosphatases, Mouse models, Polymerase chain reaction, Gene expression
MeSH Terms
  • Animals
  • Base Sequence
  • Embryo, Nonmammalian/metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
  • Gene Knockout Techniques
  • Humans
  • MAP Kinase Signaling System/genetics
  • Mutation
  • Phenotype
  • Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11/deficiency
  • Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11/genetics*
  • RNA, Messenger/genetics
  • Zebrafish/embryology*
  • Zebrafish/genetics*
  • Zebrafish Proteins/deficiency
  • Zebrafish Proteins/genetics*
PubMed
24736444 Full text @ PLoS One
Abstract
The PTPN11 (protein-tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11) gene encodes SHP2, a cytoplasmic PTP that is essential for vertebrate development. Mutations in PTPN11 are associated with Noonan and LEOPARD syndrome. Human patients with these autosomal dominant disorders display various symptoms, including short stature, craniofacial defects and heart abnormalities. We have used the zebrafish as a model to investigate the role of Shp2 in embryonic development. The zebrafish genome encodes two ptpn11 genes, ptpn11a and ptpn11b. Here, we report that ptpn11a is expressed constitutively and ptpn11b expression is strongly upregulated during development. In addition, the products of both ptpn11 genes, Shp2a and Shp2b, are functional. Target-selected inactivation of ptpn11a and ptpn11b revealed that double homozygous mutants are embryonic lethal at 5-6 days post fertilization (dpf). Ptpn11a-/-ptpn11b-/- embryos showed pleiotropic defects from 4 dpf onwards, including reduced body axis extension and craniofacial defects, which was accompanied by low levels of phosphorylated Erk at 5 dpf. Interestingly, defects in homozygous ptpn11a-/- mutants overlapped with defects in the double mutants albeit they were milder, whereas ptpn11b-/- single mutants did not show detectable developmental defects and were viable and fertile. Ptpn11a-/-ptpn11b-/- mutants were rescued by expression of exogenous ptpn11a and ptpn11b alike, indicating functional redundance of Shp2a and Shp2b. The ptpn11 mutants provide a good basis for further unravelling of the function of Shp2 in vertebrate development.
Genes / Markers
Figures
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Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping