PUBLICATION

Evolutionary diversification of pigment pattern in Danio fishes: differential fms dependence and stripe loss in D. albolineatus

Authors
Quigley, I.K., Manuel, J.L., Roberts, R.A., Nuckels, R.J., Herrington, E.R., MacDonald, E.L., and Parichy, D.M.
ID
ZDB-PUB-041130-9
Date
2005
Source
Development (Cambridge, England)   132(1): 89-104 (Journal)
Registered Authors
Herrington, Emily, MacDonald, Erin, Nuckels, Richard, Parichy, David M., Quigley, Ian
Keywords
Zebrafish, Pigment pattern, Morphogenesis, Neural crest, fms, Csf1r, Xanthophore, Melanophore, Phylogeny, Evolution
MeSH Terms
  • Alleles
  • Amidohydrolases/physiology*
  • Animals
  • Cell Lineage
  • Crosses, Genetic
  • Embryo, Nonmammalian
  • Evolution, Molecular*
  • Fishes/genetics
  • Fishes/metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental*
  • Genotype
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
  • In Situ Hybridization
  • Melanophores/metabolism
  • Mutation
  • Phenotype
  • Phylogeny
  • Pigmentation
  • Pigments, Biological
  • Species Specificity
  • Temperature
  • Time Factors
  • Zebrafish/genetics*
PubMed
15563521 Full text @ Development
Abstract
The developmental bases for species differences in adult phenotypes remain largely unknown. An emerging system for studying such variation is the adult pigment pattern expressed by Danio fishes. These patterns result from several classes of pigment cells including black melanophores and yellow xanthophores, which differentiate during metamorphosis from latent stem cells of presumptive neural crest origin. In the zebrafish D. rerio, alternating light and dark horizontal stripes develop, in part, owing to interactions between melanophores and cells of the xanthophore lineage that depend on the fms receptor tyrosine kinase; zebrafish fms mutants lack xanthophores and have disrupted melanophore stripes. By contrast, the closely related species D. albolineatus exhibits a uniform pattern of melanophores, and previous interspecific complementation tests identified fms as a potential contributor to this difference between species. Here, we survey additional species and demonstrate marked variation in the fms-dependence of hybrid pigment patterns, suggesting interspecific variation in the fms pathway or fms requirements during pigment pattern formation. We next examine the cellular bases for the evolutionary loss of stripes in D. albolineatus and test the simplest model to explain this transformation, a loss of fms activity in D. albolineatus relative to D. rerio. Within D. albolineatus, we demonstrate increased rates of melanophore death and decreased melanophore migration, different from wild-type D. rerio but similar to fms mutant D. rerio. Yet, we also find persistent fms expression in D. albolineatus and enhanced xanthophore development compared with wild-type D. rerio, and in stark contrast to fms mutant D. rerio. These findings exclude the simplest model in which stripe loss in D. albolineatus results from a loss of fms-dependent xanthophores and their interactions with melanophores. Rather, our results suggest an alternative model in which evolutionary changes in pigment cell interactions themselves have contributed to stripe loss, and we test this model by manipulating melanophore numbers in interspecific hybrids. Together, these data suggest evolutionary changes in the fms pathway or fms requirements, and identify changes in cellular interactions as a likely mechanism of evolutionary change in Danio pigment patterns.
Genes / Markers
Figures
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping