PUBLICATION
Ioxynil and diethylstilbestrol increase the risks of cardiovascular and thyroid dysfunction in zebrafish
- Authors
- Li, Y.F., Rodrigues, J., Campinho, M.A.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-220607-15
- Date
- 2022
- Source
- The Science of the total environment 838(Pt 3): 156386 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Campinho, Marco António
- Keywords
- Diethylstilbestrol, Endocrine disruption, Heart, Ioxynil, Thyroid, Vascular
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Diethylstilbestrol/toxicity
- Endocrine Disruptors*
- Iodobenzenes
- Nitriles
- Thyroid Gland
- Zebrafish*/physiology
- PubMed
- 35662599 Full text @ Sci. Total Environ.
Citation
Li, Y.F., Rodrigues, J., Campinho, M.A. (2022) Ioxynil and diethylstilbestrol increase the risks of cardiovascular and thyroid dysfunction in zebrafish. The Science of the total environment. 838(Pt 3):156386.
Abstract
Endocrine disruption results from exposure to chemicals that alter the function of the endocrine system in animals. Chronic 60 days of exposure to a low dose (0.1 μM) of ioxynil (IOX) or diethylstilbestrol (DES) via food was used to determine the effects of these chemicals on the physiology of the heart and thyroid follicles in juvenile zebrafish. Immunofluorescence analysis and subsequent 3D morphometric analysis of the zebrafish heart revealed that chronic exposure to IOX induced ventricle deformation and significant volume increase (p < 0.001). DES exposure caused a change in ventricle morphology, but volume was unaffected. Alongside, it was found that DES exposure upregulated endothelial related genes (angptl1b, mhc1lia, mybpc2a, ptgir, notch1b and vwf) involved in vascular homeostasis. Both IOX and DES exposure caused a change in thyroid follicle morphology. Notably, in IOX exposed juveniles, thyroid follicle hypertrophy was observed; and in DES-exposed fish, an enlarged thyroid field was present. In summary, chronic exposure of juvenile zebrafish to IOX and DES affected the heart and the thyroid. Given that both chemicals are able to change the morphology of the thyroid it indicates that they behave as endocrine disruptive chemicals (EDCs). Heart function dynamically changes thyroid morphology, and function and hence it is likely that the observed cardiac effects of IOX and DES are the source of altered thyroid status in these fish.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping